Now remember, the FIRST & SECOND COUNTS of the introductory (1945-1946) NUREMBERG TRIALS was CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT WAR OF AGGRESSION, as well as committing WAR OF AGGRESSION. This was otherwise known as Crimes Against the Peace.
Well, Muslims have been committing such crimes of aggression since its very beginning. Zoroastrian Persians were attacked. Indian Hindus were attacked, too. And of course, Catholics were attacked, attacked again, and attacked some more, century after century after century.
As far back as 711 AD (or CE), the Muslims attacked Catholic Spain. Then, for 700+ years they controlled the provinces of ~Almería, ~Cádiz, ~Córdoba, ~Granada, ~Huelva, ~Jaén, ~Málaga, and ~Seville. Spain was not fully liberated until 1492. That's 781 years of Occupation & Oppression ... done by Muslims upon the victimized Roman Catholics.
All in all, Christianity had to either counterattack the Muslim Aggressors or completely die. On occasion, they were given the opportunity to be those second class citizens, called Dhimmi, who had to pay a submission tax, called the Jizya. This option was basically the SLOW DEATH.
This Jizya was basically protection money and/or extortion. Sometimes, it was regarded as a tribute. It was forced upon Christians and other non-Muslims, under penalty of attack.
As another example of early Muslim Aggression, the Muslims were violently trying to bring France into submission as far back as the 700s, during the days when the western part of the land was called Aquitaine.
Charles Martel ... the powerful Mayor of Paris ... saved Catholicism in Western Europe from Military Muslim Expansionism. Yet, Spain remained a captive of the very Muslim Moors who were a part of the Umayyad Caliphate.
Step by step, Spain regained its independence. None the less, even into & including the Year 2024, Muslim nations outright persecuted Christians. Meanwhile, western nations welcomed their Muslim persecutors into their nations which had been based on Christianity throughout the centuries.
In addition, the Muslims did fail to occupy Constantinople in 717 AD, but they finally conquered it in 1534 AD. As a result, Russians decided to build a new city, far away from the Muslims. The Russians called that city, the New Rome. That city is MOSCOW ... "Москва." It was named after the Moskva River.
Now, in the Year 1066, the Muslims invaded and conquered Toledo, SPAIN. Then came the Battle of Manzikert, in 1071, when the Muslims once again attacked a Christian land and occupied. This was in Southeastern Türkiye.
This triggered the need for some type of Crusade which was said to have begun in 1095 CE. The reality is that the successful Crusades began in 1085, when Catholic forces liberated Toledo SPAIN from Muslim rule. This is something that Barack Obama never told you, when he was damning Catholics. The Muslims invaded & attacked the Catholic lands first ... for hundreds of years.
In the late 11th Century, the long history of Muslim Expansion was thought to be taking its course back toward Greece. After all, the Muslims already successfully attacked Byzantine territories in Anatolia, in 634. They also conquered Cypress in 649.
Then, in 717, the Muslims placed Constantinople under siege. Yet, they failed. So, Greece ... aka Byzantium ... was still a target for the Muslims. In as much, there was a correct reason for Byzantine Emperor Alexios I asking Pope Urban II for help, even though the Greek bishops and the Greek dioceses split from Rome in 1054. That split is called the Great Schism. Schism means "the scissoring."
The Vicious Irony
The irony is in a Jewish mayor or two welcoming Somali Muslims who are taught that Allah commands Muslims to rise-up and kill all Jews everywhere.
In fact, it was Somali gunmen who shot an Italian nun/nurse to death six days after Pope Benedict XVI's Regensburg Lecture, where he quoted a Byzantine emperor who mentioned that forcing a religion upon a people at the point of a sword, as did the Muslims since 633 CE, was evil.
That martyred nun, Sister Leonella Sgorbati, was beatified at the Vatican in 2018. Her body guard was also killed in Mogadishu by Somali gunmen, in the same incident. Sr. Leonella's Memorial Day ... aka Feast Day ... is September 17th.
Below: Other instances of Deadly Muslim Aggression upon unarmed Catholics
who were forced to betray their faith in Christ, under penalty of death.
Those people chose death over betraying the Miraculous Nazarene who happened to have been born in Bethlehem. By the way, Bethlehem means, "House of Bread" in Hebrew.
The Roman Catholic religious order that paid ransom to Muslims, for the release of Christian Captives, as far back as the 13th Century.
The Muslims took a lot of captives as a part of their looting. Then came 1218, when a Roman Catholic religious order was founded in Barcelona Spain, solely to rescue Catholic captives. It was known centuries later as the Order of Our Lady of Ransom, being that paying ransom to liberate captive Catholics was the principle technique of the religious order.
At the time of its founding, that particular religious order was officially named the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy. It's members were-and-are the Mercedarians.
In Catholic religious orders, the members live by three vows, namely the vows of Poverty, Chastity, and Obedience. Well, the Mercedarians took a fourth vow ... that of offering one's self as a replacement hostage/captive, in order to obtain the freedom of an already existing hostage. It was known as the "blood vow," because it included giving up your life, to free a hostage, if necessary.
Today, in 2025, that religious order still exists in 17 different nations, specifically in the Philippines, the United States, Spain, Italy, and in certain Latin American nations.
The Fourth Vow
Now, the Mercedarian Fourth Vow has been revised. In my personal interpretation of the modernized Fourth Vow, it's to basically speak out against social injustice, becoming subject to a number of types of RETALIATION which includes being killed for standing-up for what is right.
The revised vow furthermore emphasizes coming to the assistance of those close to losing the Faith ... because of threats, harassment, discrimination, lying propaganda, social rejection, persecution, etc. The revised vow is something similar to this, thereby making that religious order worth existing.
