July 16, 2022

The Blue Marble Album's Climate Table of Contents w/ Internet Links.

 We Start with the Climate Discourse 1

Newspaper & magazine archives of old = the original climate record

City Issues

Asphalt & the Heat Island Effect

Greater London's 610 sq mile are: almost half the fires of the 1980s & 1990s

© Patrick Anthony Pontillo
Atmospheric Science

Pressure Gradient Forcing: Turbulent storms are less common during global warming phases

The cause of Leeward mountain side deserts, such as are in California 

Atmospheric History

The Roman Warm Period & the Justinian Antique Little Ice Age

Hurricanes in the past, when atmospheric co2 was below 300 ppm. 

Crop Harvests

Record High Harvests in 2021 & Coldest Antarctic Winter was 2021

Ocean Topics

But, in 2022, Australia DID have a brutal cold snap & record cold

Most coral cover in 36 years, in 2/3 of the Great Barrier Reef

Ocean de-alkalization & one North Atlantic issue: Monitoring needed.

Ocean Temperatures 

El Nino, La Nina, & the Global Cooling of the 1940s, '60s, & '70s 

Sea Level & Ice Melt Reports

Australia

Forest Fire Data

Forest & Wildfire Record of the United States

Natural Disaster Casualty Data

 The U.N.'s vague numerical hysterics countered by statistics

Various Greenhouse Gases

Greenhouse Gases by the Numbers

Methane exists at less than 2 part per million, and the microbes that Bill Gates wants you to eat make the methane via co-enzyme M

There was only ONE Arctic Circle Anthrax Outbreak. None were in 1941, as falsely claimed.

Lake Mead, Arizona & Nevada

1,700% population increase in cactus-arrayed deserts of Arizona & Nevada, and reporters wonder where the man-made reservoir water went. 

But, Northern Arizona did have abundant rainfall in the Summer of 2022.

Nevada & Arizona have Monsoons. Lake Mead rose, Vancouver froze. 

Flagstaff, Arizona

Antarctica

The "Antarctic" record high of 64.9F occurred on a peninsula 1,840 miles away from the South Pole and 206 miles outside of the Antarctic Circle

March 18 Antarctic Plateau temperature rise:  Warm Australian Winds.

Antarctica 2021: Coldest 6 months. 6 months later: Lowest sea ice extent. 6 months more later: Healthy monthly ice gain, after lowest ice reading.

The Individual who NEVER won or co-won any type of Nobel Prize, yet claimed that he did so.

Climate Nazi Michael Mann: Hiding the decline since 1999.

A Data Tampering Example

Climate Amnesia

July 15, 2022

Intro: Selling Short, Put & Call Options, Futures Derivatives

Chicago

This covers a very brief and rudimentary review of the following:
 
1) Selling Short,  
     2) Put and Call Options,
          3) Oil Speculation in futures derivatives. 

Selling Short

In brief, the terminology refers to a broker leading you a block of stock of which
you are short and don't yet own.  The full amount of stock that you borrow is im-
mediately sold by you.  Yet, you intentionally remain in debt to the broker.  You
pay the broker for the stock later, at a designated time.  You hope that, by that
time, you will have to pay for the borrowed stock at a lower price.  One sells
short when he/she is gambling on the price of the stock to go down.

Selling short consists in:

1} literally borrowing a block of stock from a broker and immediately selling it
     to someone else,
2} followed by buying an equal amount of stock at a later time, at a different price,
3} thereby paying the broker.

This means that:

1} if the price of the stock goes down, you re-purchased it at a price cheaper than
     the price by which you previously borrowed it and then immediately sold it. 
     You have made a profit.

2} if the price of the stock goes up, you end up losing money, because you have
     to pay for the block of stock that you owe at a higher price.

Example:  You borrow 1,000 shares of Widgetville Inc. which cost $100 per
share.  You immediately sell that block of stock at $100 per share, for a price
of $100,000.  Thus, you have $100,000 on hand, to buy an equal amount of the
same stock later.  Then, when it comes time to buy an equal amount of Widget-
ville stock, it's price has already dropped to $90 per share.  This means that you
buy the 1,000 shares of stock for $90,000 and keep $10,000 for yourself.

Of course, you give the 1,000 shares of Widgetville to the stock broker who
originally lent you 1,000 shares of it.

The previous example in review:  1,000 shares of Widgetville borrowed ... You
immediately sold it at $100 per share for $100,000 ... 1,000 shares are purchased
by you later at $90 per share ... You paid $90,000 for the 1,000 share ... You keep
$10,000 for yourself, minus any fee and applicable dividend reimbursement.  The
1,000 shares of Widgetville Inc. are given to the broker who originally lent you
the 1,000 shares of it in the first place.

Remember If the stock price rises, you lose money.  For example, if the price
was hypothetically $110 at the time you purchased the new set of shares that
were to be given to the broker whom you owe 1,000 shares, you had to pay
$110,000.  You lost a hypothetical $10,000.

Until 2007, investors were forbidden to sell short, unless the price were above
the present stock price, or unless the previous stock price was lower than the
present price.  This was the uptick rule.  You could only sell after the price in-
creased, or you increased the price yourself, thereby permitting you to sell.

Calling the Short

Note that the broker may instantly require you to cover the price of the stock
you  borrowed.  It is solely done at his/her discretion.

Put and Call Options

Concerning a Put Option, it's a contract which grants the contractee the option
to sell a block of 100 shares of stock at a specific price, if the contractee elects
to do so.  The price is known as the Strike Price.   A Call Option consists in
having the option to buy a 100 shares of stock at the designated Strike Price. 

Oil Futures Derivatives

Oil Speculation, in the form of oil futures derivatives, is what artificially caused
the price of oil to skyrocket in 2008.  During this time, FoxNews had guests go
on air, stating the wrong reasons why the price of gasoline skyrocketed. 

The news show guests continued to state that supply and demand market forces
caused the sudden rise.  The invalidating feature of the FoxNews claim is that,
in the Year 2006, the oil supply was at an eight year high.  Yet, the price of oil
started its ascent into economic havoc.  The price should have dropped.  Thus,
FoxNews perpetuated a lie until a Senate hearing uncovered the true cause of
the price hike.

Oil futures consist in making a binding pledge to buy oil at a specified price at
a specific future date.  The 2008 crisis consisted in investors not looking to buy
oil, but to merely buy oil futures.  This is referred to as paper oil   This meant
that significant amounts of oil needed to be reserved for investors who had no
intention to use the oil.  This was the delivery aspect of futures derivatives.

This meant that oil was going to be kept away from oil consumers, in order to
honor the contractual obligation of the futures contracts.  As a result, a reduc-
tion in the oil supply was being artificially induced.  This, in effect, was the
hording of oil.   It was a game of keep-away from the oil consumer.   It was
the ploy of reducing supply, artificially.   The barrels of oil attached to spec-
ulator futures contracts were all dressed up with nowhere to go.  They were
the collectors' dolls never taken out of the box.

Deregulation, and NOT regulation, caused the price of oil to skyrocket.  In fact,
the Enron Loophole was basically the oil speculators' reporting exemption.     
See:

http://oilgeopolitics.net/Financial_Tsunami/Oil_Speculation/oil_speculation.HTM

http://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/SpeechesTestimony/opachilton-41

Incidentally, Texas Senator Phil Gramm's late night Enron Loophole simply
made it that oil futures contracts didn't have to be monitored by the CFTC
(Commodities Future Trading Commission.)  Thus, no one could tell if prices
were being manipulated, until it was too late.  As a result, the price of oil rose
to $137.11 in July 2008, and later to $147.27 a barrel.  Gasoline reached $4.09
a gallon.  Even in April 2011, the price of a barrel of oil was $113.93 or so.

Keep in mind that it was the deregulated speculators who caused oil prices to
rise.

July 8, 2022

The U.S. Constitution's Establishment Clause and the actual dynamics between Church & State

      If there were absolute separation of Church and State in America, 
      there would have never been chapels on United States military bases.
      In light of this, consider the following commonly encountered scenarios.


1]  The police officer hired by the State directs traffic solely for the benefit of parish-
      ioners leaving a Sunday church service.  If there were the absolute separation of
      Church and State, there would be

              no police officers directing church traffic anywhere in America, and there
              would be chaos on State roads on Sundays, until the churches themselves
              provided traffic police, thereby taking over State functions.

2]  The detective hired by the state investigates the allegations of clergy abuse com-
      mitted upon parishioners.  If there were absolute separation of Church and State
      in America, the molestation of altar boys would have gone unchecked and have
      become an unstoppable pandemic.

3]  In 1844, Philadelphia-area Protestants, in their paranoiac hatred of a pope they
     never met, torched a Catholic Church.  In fact, they literally fired a canon at it.
     In response, soldiers employed by State rallied to the protection of  Catholics
     who, at the time, were hated with seething ferocity by certain Protestant sects.
     If there were the absolute separation of Church and State, there would have
     been either a massacre in Philadelphia or the start of a literal civil war there.

     The Conclusion is that the First Amendment Establishment Clause requires the
     State to make sure that its citizens are able to freely practice religion. 
     In the alternate:

1] Catholic, Quaker, and Episcopalian schools fulfilled the job of the State in edu-
     cating students in non-religion subjects such as mathematics, science, history,
     art, and literature.  This means that thereare religious institutions functioning
     as the State five days a week.  After all, the State enacted mandatory school
     laws, and religious institutions fulfilled said laws by educating many youth
     above and beyond the topic of religion.

                                                      Added note:

            When a private entity acts as the government, in being the surrogate
             of said government, it's known as  "acting under the color of law."
             You can sue the federal government for a civil rights violations com-
              mitted by a private institution acting under the color of law.

2] Catholic and Protestant charities of varying sort fulfill the job of the State in going
     to the aid of hurricane victims, even to the point of receiving federal dollars in the
     process.  In fact, the Catholic Church, for years, received taxpayer dollars through
     social service government contracts.  In this capacity, churches have acted under
     the color of law.  Churches have become the surrogate of the government.

3] Catholic, Jewish, and Protestant medical facilities act under the color of law each
     time their facilities treat a patient sponsored by the medicaid program.

4] Catholic, Jewish, Moslem, Protestant, Hindu, Wicca, etc, chaplains are hired by
     the U.S. government, to care for the spiritual well-being of U.S. military person-
     nel.  They are not hired to establish any one religion.  Rather, they are paid to se-
     cure the religious rights of the military personnel who need chaplains, in order
     for their religious rights to be something real to them.

     During WWII, there were priests at the war fronts giving last rites to mortally
     wounded American soldiers and to anyone else caught in the line fire.  The gov-
     ernment of the United States funded the priests and the chaplains behind the
     front line, as well as the military chaplains in the States.  These chaplains
     were given military ranking.  They were a part of the government.
 
    Other observations involving the relationship between Church and State:

1] The television broadcast of Midnight Mass somewhere on Earth is governed by
     the FFC in America.  If there were the absolute separation of Church and State,
     the church would have to intrude on frequencies designated by the government,
     in order to broadcast to humanity.

2] The private jet which flew John Paul II and Benedict XVI throughout portions of
    America flew solely under the law of the FAA.  If there were the absolute separa-
    tion of Church and State, the jet carrying a pope would have crashed into another
    jet liner eventually, or else such a jet would have created aerial havoc.

3] The priests and nuns made homeless by a hurricane have the right to seek help
     from FEMA.  If there were the absolute separation of Church and State, then
     priests and nuns would freeze to death during blizzards, drown during floods,
     and remain without shelter after tornadoes. 

In addition:

It is a well known practice to begin a congressional session with a chaplain praying
before the session.  If there were the absolute separation of Church and State, then
no prayer of any kind would be heard in a congressional chamber.  It's simply that
the religions take turns in delivering the opening prayer in American congressional
chambers, because there is no established religion in America.

The Federal Judiciary Conclusion:  The phrase "Separation of Church and State"
is a misnomer.  Mention of it does NOT appear anywhere in the United States Con-
stitution.  Rather, the United States Bill of Rights has the Establishment Clause
which forbids the federal government or any State to establish an official state re-
ligion.  The same clause protects a citizen from having his religion outlawed, un-
less the religion involves criminal activity.

The First Amendment Establishment Clause guarantees that NO person will have
to support or adhere to a religion to which he does NOT want to belong.  It also
guarantees that a person willing to adhere to a specific religion will not be re-
quired by the government to violate his conscience in matters of faith & morals,
provided that the matter of conscience is in the religion's official doctrine. 

One more thing:

If the practice of a religion involves doing something illegal, then the religion is not
permitted to practice it.  The example classically used in federal court was the practice
of bigamy.  If a religion allows bigamy, members of that religion are not permitted to
practice bigamy in the United States.

In the inverse, if an activity mandated by the State is NOT permitted by a person's
religion, then the individual has the right to not be a part of the activity declared
sinful in his religion.  The most obvious example is war and the Quakers. 

In conclusion:

The much controverted United States First Amendment clause is NOT referred to as
the Separation of Church and State Clause, being that there is no absolute separation
of Church and State.  The operative phrase is the Establishment ClauseThis means
that you do not have to join a religion that you don't want to join.  This also means
that you can't force someone to stop practicing his/hers.
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